Which of the following are the four main types of articulation disorders?

The four main types of articulation disorders are accurately identified as substitution, omission, distortion, and addition. This classification is fundamental in speech-language pathology, as it provides a framework for understanding how speech sounds may be altered in children's speech.

Substitution occurs when one sound is replaced by another, such as saying "wabbit" instead of "rabbit." Omission refers to the complete absence of a sound in a word, leading to a word that is pronounced incorrectly, such as saying "ca" instead of "cat." Distortion involves producing a sound in an atypical or imprecise manner, which might result in a sound that is unclear or not standard, such as a lisp on the /s/ sound. Finally, addition involves adding an extra sound to a word, producing something like "buhlue" instead of "blue."

These concepts form a basis for diagnosing and planning treatment for children with speech sound disorders, making them essential knowledge for anyone working in the field of speech-language pathology. Understanding these types helps clinicians effectively communicate about and address the challenges these individuals face in their speech development.